The "grid" pattern is a traditional design that possesses stability, neither emphasizing horizontal lines nor vertical lines. It can be combined with various elements without creating a sense of incongruity.

The vertical grooves carved into the face give depth and shadows to the wall surface, creating a sharp and substantial atmosphere. The "number," "width," "length," "arrangement" of the vertical grooves, as well as their "surface texture" and "color," can express the individuality of the homeowner and enhance the residence.

The emphasis on horizontal lines gives a sense of expansion to the wall surface and creates a feeling of spaciousness in the space. To create a design that emphasizes horizontal lines, it is possible to use blocks with elongated and flat proportions, deepen the horizontal joints of the blocks, or apply color, among other methods.

Ornament The ornaments on gates and fences are an important element of design. There are items that serve purely decorative functions and those that are functionally important. Coping prevents rainwater from penetrating the top of gates and fences, enhancing their durability and preventing dirt. Hollow blocks can improve the ventilation of gates and fences. Various atmospheres can be created through the shapes and colors of ornaments.

Retaining walls come in various shapes and types depending on their height, location, and intended use. There are minor retaining walls that are low in height and surround flower beds and shrubs, as well as large structures designed to prevent landslides and soil erosion. Retaining walls that protect residential land are called "yōkabe" and must be constructed robustly to prevent the ground where a house is built from collapsing and to ensure that soil from the residential area does not slide into neighboring properties or roads, thereby causing harm to third parties.